解码汉字42 “丝”是中国人民的伟大创造，是丝绸之路的主要商品。 42 "Silk" is the great creation of the Chinese people, the Silk Road is the main commodity.

42 “丝”是中国人民的伟大创造，是丝绸之路的主要商品。   
丝  甲骨文象二束蚕丝之形。《说文》注：“蚕所吐也。从二糸。”丝义为蚕丝。泛指又细又长似丝之物。引申指头发。借指弦乐器。丝又作计量单位，市制相当于万分之一斤（或尺），公制相当于万分之一米，表示极为细微之量。丝是中国人民的伟大创造，早在4700多年前中国己缫丝织绸，甲骨文的丝字，证实中国丝绸历史非常久远。考古学家在1998年河南荥阳青台遗址的一次考古中，发现了距今约5500年的丝绸碎片。

丝 [絲] (名) ① silk ② a thread-like thing③ a tiny bit; trace

蚕是产丝的唯一来源。
蚕  甲骨文象蚕虫之形，头、身、足非常形象。篆书以二个蚕虫张口吐丝之形。《说文》注：“任丝也。从虫。”吐丝之虫为蚕。蚕为蚕蛾科与大蚕蛾科昆虫、幼虫之总称，所吐丝可作高级纺织原料。根据其生活特点，作形容词，引申蚕食。
蚕 [蠶] (名) silkworm

丝绸，是由蚕茧抽丝后所得的天然蛋白质纤维，再经过编制而成的纺织品。人们通过养蚕，当蚕结茧成蛹准备羽化成蛾时，将蚕茧放入沸水中煮，并及时抽丝。一个蚕茧可以抽出800－1200米的蚕丝。丝绸著名的光泽外表来自于蚕丝三棱镜般的纤维结构，这令布料能够以不同的角度折射入射光，并将光线散射出去。
以丝为原料，可以织出绸、缎、锦、绫、縐、罗紋。次产品是丝绵。蚕的排泄物是蚕沙。蚕子全身都是宝。中国传说黄帝妻嫘祖发明“养蚕取丝”。李白《蜀道难》诗中有“蚕丛及鱼凫，开国何茫然”，说明四川养蚕的历史久远，乐山有嫘祖庙，供奉青衣神，地名有青神县。

《维基百科》介绍：
全新世大暖期（大西洋期）为中国带来了温暖的气候，令桑树和蚕的养殖，能于黄河流域广泛进行。传说黄帝妻嫘祖发明“养蚕取丝”，惟丝绸究竟何时被发明尚具争议。考古学家在1998年河南荥阳青台遗址的一次考古中，发现了距今约5500年的丝绸碎片。另一种说法是在河姆渡遗址中人们已发现了纺织工具，借此可以推断，丝绸的使用至少不迟于良渚文化^[1]。不过世界上最具影响力的说法，是中国科学家在1958年考古发现的，距今公元前3700－前3100年（大汶口文化时期）的丝绸织品。
丝绸织品技术曾被中国垄断数百年，由于其在当时是一种复杂的工艺，又因其特有的手感和光泽，备受人们的关注，因而丝织品为工业革命以前，世界主要的国际贸易物资^[2]。最早丝绸织品只有帝王才能使用，但丝绸业的快速发展令丝绸文化不断的从地理上、社会上渗透进入中华文化。并成为中国商人对外贸易中一项必不可少的高级物品。（2100多年前汉武帝派遣大臣张骞开辟的丝绸之路，沟通了欧亚大陆、沿海各国，直至非洲的经贸和文化交流。）

起初中国严密控制着丝绸织造业和养蚕业的技术流传，并禁止其流向外国。但朝鲜半岛地区则在中国移民的协助下，于公元前200年成功实现养蚕技术的突破^[3]。此外，西域和田河流域（前500年－前300年）与印度（前300年之前）成功实现养蚕。不过罗马帝国则是在550年左右才得到蚕种并发展养蚕技术的：传说几位为东罗马帝国皇帝工作的僧侣将蚕种放在中空的手杖中，私自从中国带出，并辗转到达君士坦丁堡。虽然这个传说的可信度并不高，但随后的拜占庭人确实发展了丝绸编制技术，在皇宫庭院内设立蚕室和缫丝机，为皇帝服务。当时拜占庭所有的土产丝绸大多被皇室成员享用，剩余的材料也能以一个高昂的价格卖到市场上。



42 "Silk" is the great creation of the Chinese people, the Silk Road is the main commodity.


Silk oracle bones as the shape of two bunch of silk. "Said the text" Note: "Silkworm spit also from the two Shito." Silk meaning silk. Refers to the fine and long silk thing. Extended refers to hair. By means of stringed instruments. Silk and for the measurement unit, the city is equivalent to one thousandth of a kilo (or feet), the equivalent of one ten thousandth of metric meters, said the amount of subtle. Silk is the great creation of the Chinese people, as early as 4700 years ago, China has reeling silk weaving, Oracle's silk word, confirmed that Chinese silk history is very long. Archaeologists in Henan Xingyang Qingtai site in 1998, an archeology, found about 5500 years ago silk fragments.

Silk thread silk thread like a piece of silk


Silkworm is the only source of silk.
Silkworm bones like the shape of silkworm, head, body, foot is very image. Seal to the mouth of silkworm silk mouth shape. "Said the text" Note: "Any silk also from the insect." Silkworm silkworm. Silkworm moths and large silkworm moth insects, larvae of the general term, the spinning silk can be used for high-level textile raw materials. According to their characteristics of life, as an adjective, extended nibble.
Silkworm n

Silk, silk cocoon is drawn from the natural protein fiber, and then after the preparation of the textiles. People through sericulture, when the silkworm cocoon into a pupae ready to emerge into a moth, the cocoon into the boiling water to cook, and timely spinning. A cocoon can be out of 800-1200 meters of silk. Silk famous shiny appearance from the silk prism-like fiber structure, which allows the fabric to a different angle of refraction of incident light, and the light scattering out.
To silk as raw materials, can be woven silk, satin, Kam, Ling, crepe, rib. The second product is Simian. Silkworm excrement is silkworm excrement. Silkworm body is treasure. Chinese legend Huang Di Lei Zu invented "silkworm take silk." Li Bai "Shudao difficult" poem "silkworm pond and fish mallard, founding a loss", that sericulture in Sichuan has a long history, Leshan has Leizu Temple, dedicated to the God of Tsing Yi, the name of the Green God.

"Wikipedia" Introduction:
The Holocene warm period (Atlantic period) brought warm climate to China, so that the breeding of mulberry and silkworm could be carried out extensively in the Yellow River Basin. Legend of the Yellow Emperor wife Lei Zu invented "silkworm silk", but when the invention of silk is still controversial. Archaeologists in Henan Xingyang Qingtai site in 1998, an archeology, found about 5500 years ago silk fragments. Another argument is in Hemudu ruins people have found a textile tool, can be inferred that the use of silk at least no later than the Liangzhu culture [1]. But the world's most influential argument, the Chinese scientists found in 1958 archeology, since 3700 BC - 3100 years ago (Dawenkou culture period) silk fabric.
Silk fabric technology has been monopolized by China for hundreds of years, because it was a complex process at that time, but also because of its unique feel and luster, much attention, and silk for the industrial revolution before the world's major international trade goods [2]. The earliest silk fabric can only use the emperor, but the rapid development of the silk industry so that silk culture from the geographical, social penetration into the Chinese culture. And become a Chinese businessmen in foreign trade an essential high-level items. (More than 2100 years ago, the emperor sent minister Zhang Qian opened up the Silk Road, communication between the Eurasian continent, coastal countries, until Africa 's economic and trade and cultural exchanges.


At first, China closely controlled the silk weaving industry and sericulture technology circulation, and prohibit its flow to foreign countries. But the Korean Peninsula region in the Chinese immigrants with the assistance of 200 BC in the successful implementation of sericulture technology breakthrough [3]. In addition, the Western Hetian River Basin (500 years ago - 300 years ago) and India (300 years ago) the successful implementation of sericulture. But the Roman Empire is about 550 years to get silkworm eggs and the development of sericulture technology: the legend of several emperors for the Eastern Roman emperors working on the silkworms in the hollow cane, secretly brought out from China, and to arrive Constantinople. Although the credibility of this legend is not high, but the subsequent development of the Byzantine silk technology, in the palace courtyard set up silkworm room and reeling machine, for the emperor service. At that time, all of Byzantium's silk products were mostly royal members to enjoy, the remaining material can also be sold at a high price on the market.