2016年11月4日星期五

《汉字解码学》72 "璧"是祭天的礼器 "Bi" is a sacrifice of heaven.

72  "璧"是祭天的礼器.
   甲骨文象一系有圆形物之玉器饰物形。《说文》注:“瑞玉圆也。从玉,辟声。”璧本指玉璧,泛指美玉。
 (名) a round flat piece of jade with a hole in its centre



<维基百科>资料:璧中国古代用于祭祀质环状物,凡半径是空半径的三倍的环状玉器称为璧。《尔雅》云:“肉倍好谓之璧,好倍肉谓之,肉好若一谓之环。”,所谓肉是指边,好是指孔。实际上这一比例仅仅是理想的,实际出土的玉器很少合乎这一比例。
玉器中,璧是用于祭天的玉器,《周礼·春官·大宗伯》记载“以作六器,以礼天地四方:以苍礼天,以黄礼地,以青礼东方,以赤礼南方,以白礼西方,以玄礼北方”。
玉璧最早出现在新石器时代,考古发现最早的玉璧是在红山文化良渚文化也有出土玉璧。玉璧在时期比较兴盛,汉代以后逐渐式微。
玉璧除了作为礼器,还是权力的象征,用作佩戴和墓葬。

玉璧的形状通常是圆形的,但也有出廓璧,即在圆形轮廓外雕有龙形或其他形状的钮。玉璧的纹路主要有蟠螭纹蟠虺纹勾云纹谷纹蒲纹龙凤纹兽纹等。


72 "Bi" is a sacrifice of heaven.
Bibi bone like a round shape of the jade ornaments. "Said the text" Note: "Rui Yu Yuan also from the jade, the provision of sound." Bi This refers to jade bi, refers to the United States and jade.
A round flat piece of jade with a hole in its center


Bi: ancient Chinese jade ring used for worship, where the radius is three times the radius of the ring of jade called bi. "Elegant" cloud: "meat times that good bi, good times the meat that the Yuan, meat, if a ring.", The so-called meat refers to the edge, good refers to the hole. In fact this proportion is only ideal, the actual jade unearthed rarely meet this ratio.
In the jade, Bi is used for sacrificing jade, "Zhou Chun official Dazong Bo" records "to jade for six devices, to the ceremony and the Quartet: to Cangbi ceremony days to Huang Cong ceremony to Qing Gui Li The East to the red Zhang Li to the south, to the white hue ceremony to the West, to Xuan Huang North ".
Yu Bi first appeared in the Neolithic Age, archaeological discovery of the first Yu Bi is in Hongshan culture, Liangzhu culture also unearthed jade bi. Yu Bi in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties relatively prosperous, gradually decline after the Han Dynasty.
In addition to jade as a ritual, or a symbol of power, for wearing and burial.

Yu Bi's shape is usually circular, but also a profile Bi, that is, in the circular outline of the carved dragon-shaped or other shapes of the button. Yu Bi 's lines are mainly Pan Chi pattern, coil Xu Su Wen, hook Mo Wen, Gu Wen, Po Wen, Longfeng lines, such as animal patterns.

没有评论:

发表评论