2016年11月5日星期六

《汉字解码学》75 "爵"是古代饮酒的容器,亦用作爵位 "Jue" is the ancient drinking containers, also used for the title.

75  "爵"是古代饮酒的容器,亦用作爵位.
   甲骨文象古代青铜器礼器“爵”形。上象柱,中象腹,下象足。《说文》注:“礼器也。象爵之形。”上古只有贵族才有爵,有爵才能主持祭祀。无爵者自然是庶人。殷人爵位分:侯、甸、男、卫。周朝以后则有五等爵位:公、侯、伯、子、男。爵位,指君主国家贵族封号之等级。
 ()  the rank of nobility; peerage an ancient wine vessel with three legs and a loop handle

<维基百>科资料:是中国传统一种用于饮酒的容器,从出土的形制来看,前有流(倾酒的流槽),后有尾,中有杯,一侧有鋬,下有三足,杯口有二柱。爵同时又是饮器的通称[1]。爵在商代和的西周青铜礼器的考古发现中是相当常见的。《博古图》对于爵的使用曾经有过归纳:“爵于彝器是为至微,然而礼天地、交鬼神、和宾客以及冠、昏、丧、祭、朝聘、乡射,无所不用,则其为设施也至广矣。”
河南省偃师二里头文化的铜爵是中国目前发现的最早的青铜容器,也是中国目前发现的最早的青铜酒器.
<百度百科>具体介绍说:公元前1900-前1600年:二里头文化期得名于河南偃师二里头文化遗址的发掘。二里头遗址发现了相互叠压的四个文化层次,发掘了墓葬和宫殿遗址。二里头发现的青铜器不多,是一些小工具和兵器矢镞及戈、戚等,但是发现了青铜礼器爵,爵的整个数字虽还不足十件,但在铸造史上极为重要。从铸造简单的兵器、工具到铸造容器,在技术上是一个飞跃。中国古代青铜器以礼器为主体。青铜礼器是青铜时代的主要征象。二里头文化中青铜礼器的发现。表明历史已进入具有古代中国特色的青铜时代.


75 "Jue" is the ancient drinking containers, also used for the title.
Jue Oracle as ancient bronze ritual "Jazz" shape. On the column, as in the abdomen, the next elephant foot. "Said the text" Note: "The ritual is also like the shape of Jazz." Only ancient nobles have Jazz, a Jazz to preside over the sacrifice. No Jue is naturally common people. Yin points were: Hou, Austin, male, Wei. After the Zhou Dynasty there are five titles: the public, Hou, Bo, son, male. Title, refers to the sovereign state of the title of nobility.
(Rank) ① the rank of nobility; peerage ② an ancient wine vessel with three legs and a loop handle

From the unearthed form of view, before the flow (pouring the wine trough), after the tail, there are cups, one side of the 鋬, the other side of the cup, Under the three-legged, cup has two columns. Jue is also known as the drinker [1]. Jue in the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou bronze ritual archaeological discovery is quite common. "Bogutu" for the use of the Jazz had been summarized: "Jue Yu Yi is for the micro, but the ceremony, to pay ghosts, and guests as well as crown, faint, funeral, offering, , Then the facilities are also to the general.
Yanshi City, Henan Province, Erlitou culture of copper Jue is currently found in China's earliest bronze containers, is currently the earliest discovery of bronze wine.

<Baidu Encyclopedia> specific description: BC 1900 - 1600 years ago: Erlitou culture named after the Yanshi Erlitou cultural sites in Henan excavations. The Erlitou site found four overlapping cultural layers, excavating burial sites and palaces. Erlitou found bronze is small, some small tools and weapons arrowheads and Ge, Qi, etc., but found the bronze rituals, Jazz, although the whole figure is less than 10 pieces, but in the history of casting is extremely important. From the casting of simple weapons, tools to casting containers, is a leap in technology. Ancient Chinese bronze ware as the main body. Bronze ritual is the main sign of the Bronze Age. The Discovery of Bronze Ritual in Erlitou Culture. Indicating that the history has entered the bronze age with ancient Chinese characteristics.

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