2 会意解析法 2. Analysing the ideographs
How to decoding Chinese--2 会意解析法
2. Analysing the ideographs
There is a portion of ideographs in pictographs, it is difficult indeed to read them. We can analyse and understand their meaning first using some indications, a full understanding can only be achieved through thorough examination combining other methods, which is quite true when we try to read “敬”. So far we have not found the oracle bone inscription that is equivalent to “敬”. The seal style “敬” is combined by “苟” and “攴”. What meaning does this combination have? It is inexplicable. Not long ago, I spotted a monochrome abbrivated ink work on a hotel wall in Chengdu which illustrated “敬” as a woman kneeling down to show her respect. The visualization of this work is vivid, but carefully examining the work, I found something is missing, there is nothing for “攴”. Later I studied the oracle bone insription “苟” in details and understand that “敬” is something like a hand holding a teaching rod and facing an ill-mannered pupil. The meaning is to let someone respect. Shen Xu expained that “敬” is solemn having something to do with respect. In another explanation, he refered “敬” as respect which has something to do with heart. Shen Xu’s above expanations are correct.
2、会意解析法:会意字的解读确有一定难度,只有用会意解析法首先了解字的含义,再联系其它部分加以解析,才能最后弄清。例如解读“敬”字,我们就有这样有体会。我们至今还没有找到甲骨文的“敬”字,甲骨文只有“苟”字。篆书中“敬”字是由苟与攴合成的,这种合成表示什么意思,确实令人费解。不久前我在成都一家宾馆墙上看到一幅以敬字为题的写意画,画一个女子跪在地上对人表示尊敬。我觉得这幅画非常形象,但仔细一看,发现还少了一半,缺了攴字的含义。直到后来我认真解读苟字的甲骨文,才理解到敬字象一只手拿着教鞭,对着一个跪在地上两眼斜视、态度随意的人,意思是用教鞭要求态度苟且的人对他人要敬重。许慎说:“敬,肃也。从攴,从苟。”他另一注是:“敬也,从心,从敬。”我认为许慎这两个注释是正确而完美的。
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